Deriving a compound

Balancing Equations

To balance chemical equations, there must be the same number of atoms of each element on the right hand side of the equation as there are on the left hand side.

Take for example, 4Fe + 3 O2 → 2 Fe2O3

In this equation, there are 4 Fe atoms and 6 O atoms on the Right Hand Side, while there are also 4 Fe atoms and 6 O atoms on the Left Hand Side. Thus, we are able to tell that this equation is balanced. 

Tables

Cations (positive charge)			Anions (negative charge)
Valency	Formula	Chemical Name	Valency	Formula	Chemical Name
1	NH4+	Ammonium	1	F -	Fluoride
	H+	Hydrogen		Cl -	Chloride
	Li+	Lithium		Br -	Bromide
	Na+	Sodium		I -	Iodide
	K+	Potassium		H -	Hydride
	Cu+	Copper (I)		OH-	Hydroxide
	Ag+	Silver		NO3- NO2-	Nitrate Nitrite
2	Mg2+	Magnesium	2 3	O2-	Oxide
	Ca2+	Calcium		SO42- SO­32- S2-	Sulphate Sulphite Sulphide
	Ba2+	Barium		CO32-	Carbonate
	Zn2+	Zinc		PO43-	Phosphate
	Co2+	Cobalt (II)		N3-	Nitride
	Fe2+	Iron (II)
	Cu2+	Copper (II)
	Pb2+	Lead (II)
3	B3+	Boron
	Al3+	Aluminium
	Fe3+	Iron (III)
	Cr3+	Chromium (III)
4	C	Carbon
	Si	Silicon

Prefix	Number	Example	Chemical Formula
Mono	1	Nitrogen monoxide	NO
Di	2	Carbon dioxide	CO2
Tri	3	Phosphorous tribromide	PBr3
Tetra	4	Carbon tetrachloride	CCl4
Penta	5	Phosphorouspentachloride	PCl5

Chemical Formula	Chemical Name	Chemical Formula	Chemical Name
HCl	Hydrochloric acid	KOH	Potassium hydroxide
HNO3	Nitric acid	NaOH	Sodium hydroxide
H2CO3	Carbonic acid	Ca(OH)2	Calcium hydroxide
H2PO4	Phosphoric acid	Ba(OH)2	Barium hydroxide
H2SO4	Sulphuric acid	*NH3	Aqueous ammonia

Chemical Formula	Chemical Name	Chemical Formula	Chemical Name
Cl2	Chlorine	H2	Hydrogen
Br2	Bromine	N2	Nitrogen
I2	Iodine	O2	Oxygen
HCl	Hydrogen chloride	NH3	Ammonia
H2O	Water vapour/ steam	CO2	Carbon dioxide

*credits to https://sites.google.com/a/hc.edu.sg/chemical-equation/